How to Download and Use the JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019
If you are a Java developer who wants to connect to a SQL Server database, you need a JDBC driver that provides database connectivity through the standard JDBC application program interfaces (APIs). In this article, you will learn how to download, install, and use the Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019, which is a Type 4 JDBC driver that supports Java 8, 11, 17, and 19. You will also learn how to handle errors that may occur when using the driver.
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What is the JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019?
The Microsoft JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019 is a Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) driver that allows Java applications, application servers, or Java-enabled applets to access data from SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, and Azure SQL Managed Instance. The driver is available at no extra charge and has been tested against major application servers such as IBM WebSphere and SAP NetWeaver.
Benefits of using the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019
Some of the benefits of using the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019 are:
It supports the latest features of SQL Server 2019, such as Always Encrypted with secure enclaves, UTF-8 support, data classification, and more.
It provides high performance and reliability through features such as connection pooling, transparent network failover, bulk copy, integrated authentication, and Kerberos support.
It offers security and compliance through features such as encryption, certificate validation, data masking, and auditing.
It enables interoperability and compatibility with other Java technologies and frameworks such as Spring Boot, Hibernate, Apache Spark, Apache Tomcat, and more.
Supported Java versions and platforms
The JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019 supports Java 8, 11, 17, and 19. It also supports various platforms such as Windows, Linux, macOS, Docker, Kubernetes, and Azure. For more information about the system requirements and compatibility matrix of the driver, see .
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How to Download the JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019
There are two ways to download the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019:
Downloading from Microsoft Learn
You can download the latest version of the driver (12.2.0) from . You can choose between a zip file or a tar.gz file depending on your preference. The download file contains multiple JAR files that indicate the version of Java that they support. For example, mssql-jdbc-12.2.0.jre11.jar supports Java 11.
You can also download different languages from the US-English version site by selecting available languages. The release notes and system requirements are also available on the same page.
Downloading from Maven Central
If you are using Maven to manage your Java project dependencies, you can add the JDBC driver as a dependency in your pom.xml file with the following code:
<dependency> & <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId> <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId> <version>12.2.0.jre11</version> </dependency>
You can also specify the scope of the dependency as compile, runtime, test, or provided. For more information about how to use Maven with the JDBC driver, see .
How to Install the JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019
After you download the JDBC driver, you need to install it on your system. The installation process depends on the platform that you are using:
Installing on Windows
If you are using Windows, you can follow these steps to install the JDBC driver:
Extract the zip file that you downloaded from Microsoft Learn or Maven Central to a folder of your choice.
Add the JAR file that matches your Java version to your classpath. For example, if you are using Java 11, add mssql-jdbc-12.2.0.jre11.jar to your classpath.
Optionally, you can also add the sqljdbc_auth.dll file to your system path if you want to use integrated authentication with the driver. The dll file is located in the x64 or x86 folder depending on your system architecture.
Installing on Linux or macOS
If you are using Linux or macOS, you can follow these steps to install the JDBC driver:
Extract the tar.gz file that you downloaded from Microsoft Learn or Maven Central to a folder of your choice.
Add the JAR file that matches your Java version to your classpath. For example, if you are using Java 11, add mssql-jdbc-12.2.0.jre11.jar to your classpath.
Optionally, you can also install the msodbcsql17 package if you want to use integrated authentication with the driver. The package is available from . You will also need to set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to point to the location of the libmsodbcsql-17.so file.
How to Use the JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019
Once you have installed the JDBC driver, you can use it to connect to a SQL Server database from your Java application. Here are some tips on how to use the driver:
Choosing the right JAR file
The JDBC driver comes with multiple JAR files that indicate the version of Java that they support. You should choose the JAR file that matches your Java version and platform. For example, if you are using Java 11 on Windows, you should use mssql-jdbc-12.2.0.jre11.jar. If you are using Java 8 on Linux, you should use mssql-jdbc-12.2.0.jre8.jar.
Setting the classpath
You need to add the JAR file that you chose to your classpath so that your Java application can find and load the driver. You can set the classpath in different ways depending on how you run your application. For example, you can use the -cp or -classpath option when using the java command, or you can use the CLASSPATH environment variable.
Making a simple connection to a database
To make a simple connection to a SQL Server database, you need to provide a connection string that specifies the server name, database name, user name, and password. You also need to load and register the driver class before creating a connection object. Here is an example of how to make a simple connection in Java:
// Load and register the driver class Class.forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"); // Create a connection string String url = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;databaseName=AdventureWorks;user=sa;password=your_password"; // Create a connection object Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url); // Do something with the connection // ... // Close the connection conn.close();
You can also use other connection properties such as integratedSecurity, encrypt, trustServerCertificate, and more. For more information about how to construct a connection string, see .
How to Handle Errors with the JDBC Driver for SQL Server 2019
Sometimes, errors may occur when using the JDBC driver, such as network issues, authentication failures, syntax errors, or data conversion errors. You need to handle these errors properly in your Java application to avoid unexpected results or crashes. Here are some tips on how to handle errors with the JDBC driver:
Using the SQLServerException class
The JDBC driver throws an exception of type SQLServerException when an error occurs. This exception class extends the SQLException class and provides additional information about the error, such as the error number, state, severity, and message. You can use the methods of the SQLServerException class to get these information and handle the error accordingly. For example, you can use a try-catch block to catch and handle the exception:
try // Do something with the connection // ... catch (SQLServerException e) // Get the error information int errorNumber = e.getErrorCode(); String errorState = e.getSQLState(); int errorSeverity = e.getErrorSeverity(); String errorMessage = e.getMessage(); // Handle the error based on the information // ...
For more information about the SQLServerException class, see .
Using the SQLServerError class
Sometimes, the SQLServerException class may contain a SQLServerError object that provides more details about the error that occurred on the server side. The SQLServerError class contains information such as the server name, procedure name, line number, and stack trace of the error. You can use the methods of the SQLServerError class to get these information and handle the error accordingly. For example, you can use a try-catch block to catch and handle the exception:
try // Do something with the connection // ... catch (SQLServerException e) // Get the SQLServerError object SQLServerError serverError = e.getServerError(); // Check if the object is not null if (serverError != null) // Get the server error information String serverName = serverError.getServerName(); String procedureName = serverError.getProcedureName(); int lineNumber = serverError.getLineNumber(); String stackTrace = serverError.getStackTrace(); // Handle the error based on the information // ...
For more information about the SQLServerError class, see .
Conclusion
In this article, you learned how to download, install, and use the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019. You also learned how to handle errors that may occur when using the driver. The JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019 is a powerful and reliable tool that enables Java applications to access data from SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, and Azure SQL Managed Instance. You can use it to build robust and scalable Java applications that leverage the latest features of SQL Server 2019.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019:
Q: How do I update the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019?
A: You can update the JDBC driver by downloading and installing the latest version of the driver from Microsoft Learn or Maven Central. You should also update your classpath to point to the new JAR file.
Q: How do I enable logging with the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019?
A: You can enable logging with the JDBC driver by setting some system properties or environment variables that control the logging level, file name, and append mode. For more information about how to enable logging, see .
Q: How do I use Always Encrypted with secure enclaves with the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019?
A: You can use Always Encrypted with secure enclaves with the JDBC driver by setting some connection properties such as columnEncryptionSetting, enclaveAttestationUrl, enclaveAttestationProtocol, and keyStoreAuthentication. For more information about how to use Always Encrypted with secure enclaves, see .
Q: How do I use UTF-8 support with the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019?
A: You can use UTF-8 support with the JDBC driver by setting some connection properties such as sendStringParametersAsUnicode and characterEncoding. For more information about how to use UTF-8 support, see .
Q: How do I use data classification with the JDBC driver for SQL Server 2019?
A: You can use data classification with the JDBC driver by setting the connection property enableDataClassification to true. This will enable the driver to retrieve the sensitivity metadata of the columns and expose them through the ResultSetMetaData interface. For more information about how to use data classification, see . 44f88ac181
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